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A review article on Neuropathic pain.

Abstract

Neuropathic pain is a pathological pain caused due to damaged nerves, as a result of an injury on the somatosensory system. Its effect is mainly on the outside of the brain and spinal cord. Therefore, it is mainly considered as " peripheral neuropathy pain", which has yearly impacted, over 20 million Americans. A nerve fiber injury, does effect the functionality of the nerve at the site of damage or around the injury. Its prevalence depends on the type of neuropathy; but in the general population; it is counted around 7-8%. The etiology of neuropathic pain is complex and varied in different cases. These include neurodegenerative disease, physical trauma, infectious agents and metabolic diseases. There is considerable variation in the treatment initiation, dosage, drug selection. In general, Antidepressants (antidepressants [TCAs], selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors [SSRIs],serotonin -norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors [SNRIs]), anticonvulsants (antiepileptic), topical lidocaine,tramadol and opioid analgesics are the options available for treatment. Even though treatment of Neuropathic pain is still a challenge to manage, and evidence of clinical recommendations for pharmacological management are required in the area of its management. The main obstacle for the neuropathic pain is the lack of awareness and misconception about neuropathic pain's complexities, which often leads to misdiagnosis and mistreatment. This article focuses on the various types of treatment, prognosis and management of the neuropathic pain.

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